SOFT PENETRATION AND CLEAN INFILTRATION AS A NEW TURKISH STRATEGY IN AFRICA (ECONOMIC DIMENSION AND GEOSTRATEGIC APPROACH)
Main Article Content
Abstract
The African continent, particularly the North African region, is one of the areas most susceptible to international and regional trends, given its significance in international politics, not to mention its strategic and geostrategic importance. Following the Arab Spring revolutions, waves of political reform and changes in most North African countries, the region has become a prominent subject in strategic studies. This region is a key factor in the balance of power in the area as a whole
Article Details
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
References
Abseer Ahmad Taleb, “Mutual Security Dependence and Security Strategy in the Sahel Region,” Abdelhamid Ibn Badis University, Mostaganem, n.d.
Al-Bakheet Ma’arouf, “The Turkish Role and Regional Changes,” Al-Rai Center for Studies, Jordan, 2010.
Davutoğlu Ahmet, “Strategic Depth: Turkey’s Position and Role in the International Arena,” translated by Muhammad Jaber Thalji and Tarek Abdel Jalil, Al Jazeera Center for Studies, 2nd edition, 2001.
Palmer Jillian and Clifton Morgan, “Theory of Foreign Policy,” translated by Abdul Salam Ali Al-Nuwair, King Saud University, Riyadh, 2011.
Baqass Khaled, “Turkish-African Relations After 2002: A New Turkish Government and a Different Bilateral Reality,” Journal of Legal and Political Sciences, No. 15, January 2017.
Bakr Ali Hassan et al., “Turkey Between Domestic Challenges and External Stakes,” Madbouly Library, Cairo, 1st edition, 2010.
Joul Muhammad Zahid, “The Turkish Renaissance Experience,” Namaa Center for Research and Studies, Beirut, 2013.
Deni Iman, “The Turkish Regional Role in the Middle East After the Cold War,” Al-Wafa Legal Library, Alexandria, 2015.
Riyad Muhammad, “General Foundations in Political Geography and Geopolitics: An Applied Study on the Middle East,” Hindawi Publishing Foundation, Cairo, 2012.
Qarika Abdul Salam, “Humanitarian Intervention as a Means of Control over Africa,” Journal of Political and Legal Studies, Qasdi Merbah University, Ouargla, No. 9, June 2013.
Amara Dalila, “Determinants of Turkish Foreign Policy and Its Importance in Assessing the Turkish Role Regionally and Internationally,” Journal of Political and Administrative Research, Ziane Achour University, Djelfa, No. 13, 2019.
Saudi Muhammad Abdul Ghani, “Geography and International Issues,” Dar Al-Nahda Al-Arabiya, Lebanon, 2008.
Tashtoush Haile Abdul Mowla, “The Modern Encyclopedia of Political and Economic Terms,” Hamed Publishing House, Jordan, 2012.
Sour Lotfi, “Dimensions of Turkish Foreign Policy in Africa During the Justice and Development Government,” Journal of African Studies and the Nile Basin – Democratic Arab Center – Vol. 1, No. 3, September 2018.
Arabi Ladmi Muhammad, “Foreign Policy: A Study in Concepts, Trends, and Determinants,” Democratic Arab Center, December 27, 2016.
Lloyd Johnson, “Interpreting Foreign Policy,” translated by Muhammad bin Ahmad Mufti and Muhammad Al-Sayed Salim, King Saud University, Riyadh, 1999.