SMART SANCTIONS AS ALTERNATIVE MEASURES TO ECONOMIC SANCTIONS
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Abstract
Smart sanctions serve as a tool for protecting the international community and achieving international security and stability. They act as a reaction against any unlawful activities conducted by a specific state or a group of states. The United Nations Security Council possesses broad discretionary authority in determining situations that pose a threat to or breach international peace and security, or constitute acts of aggression. Should the Council find any of the aforementioned situations to be valid, it has the authority to impose smart sanctions against an entire nation.
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References
I. References in English:
Books:
KhawlaMohyeddin Youssef, International Economic Sanctions Imposed by the Security Council, Halabi Legal Publications, Lebanon, 2013.
Khaled Hassani, The Powers of the Security Council in Implementing Chapter VII: Between the Provisions of the Charter and Contemporary International Practices, Halabi Legal Publications, Beirut, 2015.
Roderick EliaAbi Khalil, Economic Sanctions in International Law: Effectiveness and Human Rights, 1st edition, Halabi Legal Publications, Beirut, 2009.
Susan Ismail Abdullah Bandyane, The Role of Smart Sanctions in Managing Humanitarian Crises, Halabi Legal Publications, Beirut, 2003.
kardouhRedha, Smart Sanctions Under the Lens of Human Rights, Dar Houma, Algeria, 2014.
II. Articles in Arabic:
Ahmed Mabkhouta, “The Evolution of the Powers of the Security Council in Implementing Chapter VII of the UN Charter,” Algerian Journal of Law and Political Science, Vol. 06, No. 02/2021.
Abdullah Ali Abou, “Security Council Sanctions Against Individuals and Non-State Entities,” Al-Rafidain Journal of Law, Vol. 17, No. 55/2012.
Mouka Abdul Karim, Karami Rima, “Promoting Respect for Human Rights by Replacing Comprehensive Sanctions with Smart Sanctions,” Academic Journal of Legal Research, Vol. 13, No. 01/2022.
III. References in Foreign Languages:
Books:
Cortright, David and Lopez, George, Smart Sanctions: Targeting Economic Statecraft, Rowman and Littlefield Publishers, New York, 2002.
DjacobaLiva, United Nations Sanctions and their Secondary Effects: Assistance to Victims and Legal Avenues for Prevention, Presses Universitaires de France, Paris, 1st edition, 2005.
Article:
Jean Marc Sorel, “The Extension of the Notion of Threat to Peace: Chapter VII of the United Nations”, S.F.D.I, Paris, 1995.