EXAMINING THE IMPACT OF CORPORATE GOVERNANCE ON THE FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE OF BANK
Main Article Content
Abstract
Purpose: The research has been conducted to find out the relationship between corporate governance practices and the performance of banks. Corporate governance provides structure to control and direct the organizations or banks. Theoretically, it is said that corporate governance practices improve the performance of the banks. This study reveals the same facts; the majority of the factors affect the performance of the banks. The independent variables of this study are Transparency, Independence, Ownership structure, Audit committee, BOD and CEO duality. This study is based on primary data, questionnaires were developed and distributed to top officials of banks. Results indicate that all independent variables have a significant impact on the performance of banks except the one variable which is transparency. Regulatory bodies should play their roles in the implementation of corporate governance practices on banks because it improves the overall performance of the banks. This study is useful for policy makers dealing with the corporate governance practices and indicating the important variables affecting the performance of banks. This study is based on primary data, in future secondary data can also be used or mixed method can be used for future studies.
Article Details

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
References
Andrews Owusu Charlie Weir , (2016),"The governance-performance relationship: evidence from Ghana", Journal of Applied Accounting Research, Vol. 17 Iss 3 pp. 285 - 310 Permanent link to this document: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/JAAR-06-2014-0057
Abrams, F. W. (1951). Management’s Responsibilities in a Complex World. Harvard Business Review, 29, 54-64.
Ananchotikul, Nasha (2008). “Does Foreign Direct Investment Really Improve Corporate Governance”? Evidence from Thailand. Bank of Thailand.
Berghe, L. 2002. Corporate Governance in a Globalizing World: Convergence or Divergence? A European Perspective. boston: Kluwer Academic Publishers.
Boyd, B. K. 1995. “CEO duality and firm performance: a contingency model. ” Strategic Management Journal, 16, 301-312.
Baliga, B., Moyer, R. C., & Rao, R. S. (1996). CEO duality and firm performance what's the fuss. Strategic Management Journal, 17(1), 41–53.
Berkman. H., Zou, L., & Shaofeng, G. (2009). Corporate Governance, Profit Manipulation and Stock Return. Journal of International Business and Economics, 9(2), 132-145.
Brickley et al, (1997). Leadership structure: Separating the CEO and chairman of the board. Journal of Corporate Finance, 3(3), 189-220.
Baek, 2004, 'corporate governance and firm value: evidence from the Korean financial crises, Journal of Financial Economics, vol. 71, no.2, pp. 265-313.
Bédard, J., Chtourou, S. M. & Courteau, L. (2004). The effect of audit committee expertise, independence, and activity on aggressive earnings management. Auditing: A Journal of Practice & Theory, 23, 13-35.
Black, B., Jang, H., Kim, W., (2006). Does corporate governance predict firms' market values? Evidence from Korea. Journal of Law, Economics, and Organization. Vol. 22, pp. 366-413.
Beasley, M. and Salterio, S. (2001), “The relationship between board characteristics and voluntary improvements in audit committee composition and experience”, Contemporary Accounting Research, Vol. 18 No. 4, pp. 539-570.
Core, J. E., Holthausen, R. W., & Larcker, D. F. (1999). Corporate governance, chief executive officer compensation and firm performance. Journal of Financial Economics, 51(3), 371-406.
Claessens, S., Djankov, S., Fan, J., & Lang, L. 2002. “Disentangling the Incentive and Entrenchment Effects of Large Shareholdings. ” Journal of Finance,57, 2741-2771.
Claessens, S., Djankov, S. & Lang, L. (2000). "The Separation of Ownership and Control in East Asian Corporations". Journal of Financial Economics, Vol. 58 No. 1-2, pp. 81-112.
Carcello, J. and Neal, T. (2000), “Audit committee composition and auditor reporting”, The Accounting Review, Vol. 75 No. 4, pp. 453-467.
Deakin, S. Hobbs, R, et al. (2005). “Anglo American CG and the employment relations hip”. CBR, (ITEC).
Dalton, D. R. & Daily, C. M. 1999, 'What's wrong with having friends on the board?' Across the Board, vol. 36, no. 3, pp. 28-32.
Erick Rading Outa Nelson M. Waweru , (2016),"Corporate Governance Guidelines Compliance and Firm Financial Performance: Kenya Listed Companies", Managerial Auditing Journal, Vol. 31 Iss 8/9 pp. - Permanent link to this document: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/MAJ-12-2015-1291
Faleye, O. 2003, Does One Hat Fit All? The Case of Corporate Leadership Structure, Working Paper, Northeastern University.
Hermalin, B. E., & Weisbach, M. S. (1991). The effects of board composition and direct incentives on firm performance. Financial Management, 101–112. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3665716.
Islam, M. Z., Islam, M. N., Bhattacharjee, S., & Islam, A. Z. (2009). Agency Problem and the Role of Audit Committee: Implications for Corporate Sector in Bangladesh. International Journal of Economics and Finance, 2(3), P177.
John, K., &Senbet, L. W. (1998). Corporate governance and board effectiveness. Journal of Banking and. Finance, 22, 371-403.
Jensen, M. C. & Meckling, W. H. 1976, 'Theory of the Firm: Managerial Behavior, Agency Costs, and Ownership Structure', Journal of Financial Economics, vol. 3, pp. 305 - 350.
Jensen, M. C. 1993, 'The Modern Industrial Revolution, Exit and the Failure of Internal Control Systems', The Journal of Finance, vol. 48, no. 3, pp. 831-880.
Johnson, J. L., Daily, C. M. & Ellstrand, A. E. 1996, 'Boards of directors: a review and research agenda', Journal of Management, vol. 22, no. 3, pp. 409-438.
Jackling, B. & Johl, S. (2009). Board Structure and Firm Performance: Evidence from India’s Top Companies. Corporate Governance: An International Review, 17 (4), 492509.
Klein, P., D. Shapiro, and J. Young (2005) Corporate Governance, Family Ownership and Firm Value. Corporate Governance 13.
Klien, A. (2002). Audit committee, board of director characteristics, and earnings management. Journal of Accounting and Economics, 33, 375-400.
Klein, A. (2002a), “Economic determinants of audit committee independence”, The Accounting Review, Vol. 77 No. 2, pp. 435-452.
La Porta, R., Lopez-de-Silanes, F., & Shleifer A. (1999). Corporate ownership around the world. The Journal of Finance, 54(2), 471-517.
La Porta, 2002, 'Investor Protection and Corporate Valuation', the Journal of Finance, vol. 57, no. 3, pp. 1147-1170.
Lemmon, M. L. & Lins, K. V. 2003, 'Ownership structure, corporate governance, and firm value: Evidence from the East Asian financial crisis', The Journal of Finance, vol. 58, no. 4, pp. 1445-1467.
LaPorta, R., Lopez-de-Silanes, F., Shleifer, A. & Vishny, R. W. (2000). "Agency Problems and Dividend Policies around the World". Journal of Finance, Vol. 55 No. 1, pp. 1-33.
a. Letza, S., Sun, X., & Kirkbride, J. (2004). Shareholding versus Stakeholding: a critical review of corporate governance. Corporate Governance: An International Review, 12(3), 242 262.
Marisela, S.-C. 2005. Corporate Governance and Expropriation of Minority shareholders’ rights: Evidence from Latin America. PhD, University of Texas-Pan American.
Miles, L. (2010). “Transplanting the Anglo American CG model into Asian countries: prospects and practicality”. Middle Sex University.
Mwanakatwe, C. (2005). “Economic and Corporate Governance and Accountability in South Africa”. Economic Commission for Africa.
Nelson, J. 2007. Executive stock option disclosures by Australian listed companies: an assessment of their nature, extent and association with governance characteristics. Queensland University of Technology
Nguyen, B. D., & Nielsen, K. M. (2010). The value of independent directors: Evidence from sudden deaths. Journal of Financial Economics, 98(3), 550-567.
Qi, D, Wu, W., & Zhang, H. (2000). Shareholding structure and corporate performance of partially privatized firms: Evidence fromlisted Chinese companies. Pacific-Basin Finance Journal, Vol. 8, pp. 587-610.
Rashid, K. 2008. A Comparison of Corporate Governance and Firm Performance in Developing (Malaysia) and Developed (Australia) Financial Markets. PhD, Victoria University.
Rechner, P. L. & Dalton, D. R. 1991, 'CEO Duality and Organizational Performance: A Longitudinal Analysis', Strategic Management Journal, vol. 12, no. 2, pp. 155160.
Sun, W., Stewart, J., & Pollard, D. (2011). Corporate governance and the global financial crisis: international perspectives.Cambridge University Press.
Shabbir, T. (2021). Perceived organizational support and employee performance. International Journal of Educational Administration, Management, and Leadership Studies, 1(1).
Shleifer, A., &Vishny, R. W. (1997). A survey of corporate governance. Journal of Finance, LII, 727-783.
Sanda, (2005). Corporate governance mechanisms and firm performance in Nigeria” AERC Research Paper, No 149.
Salami, K. A. (2011). Analysis of the Relationship between Share Ownership Structure, Corporate Governance Structure, and Corporate Investment Efficiency, using GSE Market Data (2005-9). Journal of Accounting and Finance, 11(4), 111-118.
Sørensen, R. J. (2007). Does dispersed public ownership impair efficiency? The case of refuse collection in Norway. Public administration, 85(4), 1045-1058.
Siagian, F. T., & Tresnaningsih, E. (2011). The impact of independent directors and independent audit committees on earnings quality reported by Indonesian firms. Asian Review of Accounting, 19(3), 192-207.
Securities and Exchange Commission of Pakistan. (2002). “Manual of Corporate Governance’.
Taipei Times (15 July 2002) Asia Can Learn from Trials in the US.
Thomsen S., (2005). Corporate governance as a determinant of corporate values. Emerald Group Publishing Limited. Vol. 5. pp. 10¬
Zun, W. M. (2002) The Difficulties of Improving Taiwanese Corporate Governance, Economy Daily, 2 September (only available in Mandarin Chinese).