THE MENACE OF CORRUPTION IN PAKISTAN: CAUSES, IMPACTS AND SOLUTIONS
Main Article Content
Abstract
Corruption can be defined as an act that includes the misuse of one's power for personal gain and can be practised in the private and public sectors. In all cultures, corruption exists in diverse degrees and forms. Corruption is one of the main issues faced by developing countries like Pakistan. It not only erodes the macroeconomic performance of a country but also widens the gap between rich and poor by accelerating income inequality and poverty level. Good governance can only exist in an environment devoid of corruption. Unfortunately, Pakistan is far down in the list on this account. Corruption is a widespread phenomenon in Pakistan. Pakistan continues to face significant challenges due to extensive and systematic corruption. Corruption of every sort, from petty to mega, infects all levels of government.[1] Since elected governments of Pakistan were overthrown in quick succession in the 1990s on the grounds of corruption, the problem has also been a source of political unrest in the country.
The introduction of this paper gives a brief description of corruption, its background in Pakistan, and forms of corruption. The body of the paper includes the theoretical background of the research that links the work of different authors, compares their opinions and synthesises their work. It further adds a detailed literature review of the topic under discussion, concepts developed by other researchers and the developments made by Pakistan in the fight against corruption. This study investigates causes and impacts of corruption in Pakistan. It evaluates issues such as political interference, the independence of anti-corruption institutions and the effectiveness of the accountability mechanisms. The study also find gaps and suggest recommendations for effective implementation of existing laws of anti-corruption for preventing corruption in the public sector of Pakistan.
[1]https://thediplomat.com/2017/04/how-the-indian-national-congress-lost-india/
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